Coordinate Geometry

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Key Formulas

Cartesian Coordinate
$(x, y)$
Gradient
$m=\dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}$
Length
$\sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}$
Equation of Line
$y-y_1=m(x-x_1)$
$y=mx+c$

Special Lines

Vertical Line
$x = a$
Horizontal Line
$y = b$